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Charlie Hebdo and Muslims

The survey took place between 23 and 26 January 2015 and was conducted throughout all of Russia in both urban and rural settings. The survey was carried out among 1600 people over the age of 18 in 134 localities of 46 of the country’s regions. The answer distribution is presented as percentages of the number of participants along with data from previous surveys. The statistical error of these studies does not exceed 3.4%.

HAVE YOU HEARD ABOUT THE TERRORIST ATTACK IN PARIS IN RESPONSE TO THE SATIRICAL MAGAZINE “CHARLIE HEBDO” AND THE RESULTING EVENTS?

I have been closely following the events

11

I have heard about them

49

I heard something about them but don’t remember what

25

I have heard nothing about them

15

IN YOUR OPINION, WHAT COULD BE THE REASON BEHIND THIS TERRORIST ATTACK? (In % of respondents who have heard something specific about the attack; multiple answers given)

Provocative cartoons published by “Charlie Hebdo” that offend the religious sensibilities of the believers

59

Weakness of French authorities in effectively fighting terrorism

19

The spread of Islamic fanaticism and the growth of Islamist groups who oppose democratic values and freedoms

19

The consequences of France’s immigration policy, which is designed to allow immigrants into the country without significant adaptation

16

The high number of Muslim immigrants in France

14

The policy of multiculturalism and tolerance in Europe

13

France’s rigid foreign policy in the Middle East (toward Syria, Iran, and others)

8

Discrimination against Muslims in France, increasing Islamophobia

4

It was a coincidence; terrorist attacks can happen anywhere

2

It is difficult to say

6

IN YOUR OPINION, WHAT MEASURES SHOULD THE FRENCH AUTHORITIES TAKE TO PREVENT MORE TERRORIST ATTACKS IN THEIR COUNTRY? (multiple answers given)

Toughen the immigration policy, reducing the flow of immigrants into the country

30

Fight Al-Qaida more actively and increase international cooperation to combat terrorism

25

Establish control over the Muslim population in France and prevent the spread of radical Islamic ideas and values

23

Change French foreign policy in the Middle East; no longer cooperate with the US in this region

16

Increase the rights (educational, labor, political) of Muslim citizens to better allow for assimilation and equalization of Muslims with the ‘indigenous’ French population

12

Begin Secret Service surveillance of Muslims in France

6

Require all Muslims to leave the country

4

Nothing. French authorities are already doing all that is possible

8

It is difficult to say

24

MANY MEDIA OUTLETS HAVE NAMED CARTOONS PUBLISHED BY “CHARLIE HEBDO” OF ISLAM AND MUSLIMS AS THE PRIMARY REASON FOR THE TERRORIST ATTACK IN PARIS. SOME HAVE CONDEMNED THESE CARTOONS, SAYING THAT THEY MOCK THE ISLAM RELIGION AND OFFEND MUSLIMS. OTHERS SAY THAT THESE CARTOONS SHOULD BE ALLOWED, AS THEY REPRESENT JUST ONE POINT OF VIEW IN A FREE SOCIETY. WITH WHICH OF THESE OPINIONS DO YOU AGREE MORE?

Definitely the first (not allowed)

36

Probably the first (not allowed)

32

Probably the second (allowed)

8

Definitely the second (allowed)

4

It is difficult to say

21

DO YOU AGREE OR DISAGREE WITH THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS?

 

“Publishing cartoons of the prophet Muhammad should not be allowed, since it offends Muslims.”

“Freedom of speech is the most important principle of a democratic society. By refusing to publish cartoons of the prophet Muhammad, the media is appeasing the terrorists.”

Completely agree

39

6

Somewhat agree

33

20

Somewhat disagree

9

31

Completely disagree

3

19

It is difficult to say

16

24

HOW DO YOU FEEL ABOUT THE RECOMMENDATIONS FROM ROSKOMNADZOR (THE FEDERAL SERVICE FOR SUPERVISION OF COMMUNICATIONS, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, AND MASS MEDIA) THAT RUSSIAN MEDIA NOT PUBLISH RELIGIOUS-THEMED CARTOONS?

Very positive

27

Somewhat positive

36

Indifferent

22

Somewhat negative

5

Very negative

2

It is difficult to say

10

IN YOU OPINION, WHAT DOES THIS RECOMMENDATION REALLY MEAN?

An attempt by Russian authorities to protect the feelings of believers and prevent religious conflicts

65

The latest round of limits to personal freedom in Russia, for which the current situation in Paris is only a pretense

16

It is difficult to say

18

WHAT IS YOUR ATTITUDE TOWARDS MUSLIMS?

 

Jan. 08

Jan. 15

Entirely positive

23

11

Somewhat positive

27

18

Neutral, indifferent

32

51

Somewhat negative

6

12

Entirely negative

2

2

It is difficult to say

9

5

HOW WOULD YOU REACT IF THE FOLLOWING WERE BUILT IN YOU CITY OR REGION?

 

A mosque

An orthodox church

Entirely positive

13

31

Somewhat positive

17

29

Neutral, indifferent

36

29

Somewhat negative

16

4

Entirely negative

11

3

It is difficult to say

6

5

IN YOUR OPINION, HOW HAVE RELATIONS BETWEEN PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT FAITHS IN RUSSIA CHANGED OVER THE LAST FIFTEEN YEARS?

They have improved

17

They have gotten worse

28

They have not changed

39

It is difficult to say

16

DO YOU KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT ISLAMIC RELIGION AND CULTURE, AND IF YES, WHERE DID YOU LEARN ABOUT IT? (no more than three answers)

Yes, from the media (TV, newspapers)

33

Yes, from Muslim friends or relatives

19

Yes, from formal education (school, university)

13

Yes, I have read about Islam

11

Yes, from the Internet

10

Yes, from travels in Muslim countries

6

I don’t know anything about Islamic religion and culture

26

It is difficult

6

WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE MAIN HOLY BOOK OF MUSLIMS?

Koran

84

Sharia

2

The Bible

1

Talmud

1

Sunna

<1

Veda

<1

It is difficult to say

11

Translated by the Graduate Initiative in Russian Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies.

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