This survey took place between 18 and 21 December 2015 and was conducted throughout all of Russia in both urban and rural settings. The survey was carried out among 1600 people over the age of 18 in 137 localities of 48 of the country’s regions. The survey was conducted as a personal interview in respondents’ homes. The answer distribution is presented as percentages of the number of participants along with data from previous surveys. The statistical error of these studies does not exceed 3.4%.
IT WAS RECENTLY THE ANNIVERSARY OF STALIN’S BIRTH, AND THERE IS STILL NO CONSENSUS ABOUT HOW TO EVALUATE HIM AND HIS ROLE IN RUSSIAN HISTORY. WITH WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING OPINIONS DO YOU MOST AGREE? (multiple answers)
|
|
Feb. 98 |
Dec. 99 |
Feb. 03 |
Dec. 04 |
Dec. 05 |
Dec. 07 |
Dec. 15 |
|
Whatever flaws and failures are attributed to Stalin, the most important thing is that, under his leadership, Russia was victorious in World War II |
31 |
32 |
36 |
29 |
32 |
28 |
34 |
|
Stalin was a cruel, inhuman tyrant, guilty of the murder of millions of innocent people |
27 |
32 |
27 |
31 |
29 |
29 |
21 |
|
Stalin was a wise leader who led the USSR to greatness and prosperity |
16 |
20 |
20 |
21 |
21 |
14 |
20 |
|
Only a stern leader could have maintained order in the government given the class struggle, external threats, and lack of discipline in Russia 50-70 years ago |
15 |
21 |
20 |
16 |
22 |
15 |
15 |
|
Stalin’s policies (purging the military, his deal with Hitler) left the country unprepared for war in 1941 and led to devastating losses |
14 |
18 |
18 |
15 |
18 |
17 |
13 |
|
The Russian people can’t do without leaders like Stalin; sooner or later, one will come and establish order |
13 |
18 |
16 |
16 |
15 |
9 |
12 |
|
We still don’t know the truth about Stalin and his actions |
28 |
30 |
27 |
33 |
35 |
30 |
11 |
|
Stalin continued what had been begun by Lenin and other Bolshevik revolutionaries |
7 |
6 |
5 |
8 |
8 |
5 |
6 |
|
Stalin distorted Lenin’s ideas and created something far from the ideals of true socialism |
10 |
8 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
5 |
|
Those who vilify Stalin do not understand the interests of the Russian people and government |
4 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
5 |
|
It is difficult to say |
10 |
8 |
6 |
5 |
5 |
9 |
10 |
IN YOUR OPINION, THE STALINIST PERIOD BROUGHT RUSSIA …
|
|
Dec.99 |
Dec.15 |
|
Only good |
3 |
3 |
|
More good than bad |
19 |
25 |
|
Equal parts good and bad |
44 |
45 |
|
More bad than good |
21 |
13 |
|
Only bad |
5 |
3 |
|
It is difficult to say |
9 |
12 |
Translated by Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey (formerly Monterey Institute of International Studies).