This survey was carried out January 23–29, 2020 with a representative sample of all Russian urban and rural residents. The sample comprised 1603 people age 18 or older from 137 localities in 50 regions of the Russian Federation. The survey was conducted as a personal interview in respondents’ homes. The answer distribution is presented as percentages of the number of participants along with data from previous surveys.
The statistical error of these studies for a selection of 1600 people (with a probability of 0.95) does not exceed:
3.4% for indicators around 50%
2.9% for indicators around 25%/75%
2.0% for indicators around 10%/90%
1.5% for indicators around 5%/95%
The tables on Russia’s relationship to other countries include all data for the last two years and the same period in 2018 (January). All trends in Russian citizens’ attitudes toward the US, EU, and China are available in the indicators on the Levada Center website [1].
RUSSIA AND THE WEST
IN GENERAL, WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARD THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA? (one answer)
| Jan. 18 | Feb. 19 | May 19 | Aug. 19 | Nov. 19 | Jan. 20 | |
| Very positive | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 4 |
| Generally positive | 23 | 30 | 27 | 38 | 40 | 38 |
| Generally negative | 32 | 29 | 32 | 25 | 26 | 28 |
| Very negative | 20 | 27 | 20 | 19 | 15 | 18 |
| It is difficult to say | 22 | 11 | 16 | 14 | 13 | 12 |
IN GENERAL, WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARD THE EUROPEAN UNION? (one answer)
| Jan. 18 | Feb. 19 | May 19 | Aug. 19 | Nov. 19 | Jan. 20 | |
| Very positive | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 5 |
| Generally positive | 29 | 37 | 33 | 45 | 45 | 44 |
| Generally negative | 33 | 30 | 30 | 23 | 24 | 26 |
| Very negative | 13 | 15 | 14 | 11 | 10 | 11 |
| It is difficult to say | 22 | 13 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 15 |
THERE ARE DIFFERENT OPINIONS ON WHAT KIND OF RELATIONSHIP RUSSIA SHOULD HAVE WITH THE WEST. HOW SHOULD RUSSIA TREAT THE WEST IN YOUR OPINION? (respondents were presented with a card and could only choose one answer)
| May 16 | Jan. 17 | Jun. 18 | Jan. 20 | |
| As an enemy | 7 | 8 | 5 | 3 |
| As a rival | 24 | 31 | 16 | 16 |
| As a partner | 55 | 43 | 61 | 67 |
| As a friend | 4 | 7 | 8 | 11 |
| It is difficult to say | 7 | 7 | 8 | 4 |
| Refuse to answer | 3 | 5 | 2 | 1 |
IN YOUR OPINION, DO WESTERN COUNTRIES BELONGING TO NATO HAVE REASON TO BE WARY OF RUSSIA? (one answer)
| Definitely yes | Probably yes | Probably not | Definitely not | It is difficult to say | |
| Jan. 20 | 12 | 23 | 39 | 22 | 5 |
| Dec. 17 | 14 | 27 | 33 | 16 | 11 |
| Nov. 16 | 10 | 27 | 29 | 23 | 10 |
| Nov. 15 | 13 | 26 | 30 | 21 | 10 |
| Mar. 14 | 14 | 30 | 30 | 15 | 10 |
| Jul. 08 | 12 | 21 | 36 | 24 | 8 |
| Apr. 07 | 7 | 21 | 33 | 24 | 15 |
| Jun. 06 | 10 | 21 | 38 | 22 | 10 |
| Apr. 06 | 9 | 25 | 37 | 20 | 9 |
| Feb. 02 | 7 | 22 | 38 | 20 | 14 |
| Feb. 01 | 8 | 16 | 40 | 25 | 12 |
| Aug. 00 | 8 | 20 | 38 | 19 | 14 |
| Apr. 97 | 11 | 16 | 32 | 27 | 13 |
IN YOUR OPINION, DOES RUSSIA HAVE REASON TO BE WARY OF WESTERN COUNTRIES BELONGING TO NATO? (one answer)
| Definitely yes | Probably yes | Probably not | Definitely not | It is difficult to say | |
| Jan. 20 | 16 | 36 | 32 | 12 | 5 |
| Dec. 17 | 17 | 40 | 24 | 6 | 13 |
| Nov. 16 | 15 | 42 | 24 | 7 | 12 |
| Nov. 15 | 16 | 38 | 26 | 10 | 11 |
| Mar. 14 | 17 | 45 | 22 | 5 | 11 |
| Mar. 11 | 21 | 42 | 21 | 3 | 12 |
| Mar. 09 | 22 | 40 | 21 | 6 | 12 |
| Jul. 08 | 23 | 39 | 21 | 8 | 10 |
| Apr. 07 | 14 | 35 | 27 | 8 | 16 |
| Jun. 06 | 22 | 40 | 22 | 7 | 10 |
| Apr. 06 | 15 | 43 | 26 | 8 | 9 |
| Feb. 02 | 14 | 42 | 23 | 7 | 14 |
| Feb. 01 | 25 | 33 | 22 | 8 | 13 |
| Aug. 00 | 16 | 38 | 25 | 7 | 14 |
| май.99 | 27 | 36 | 22 | 7 | 10 |
| Mar. 99 | 27 | 37 | 23 | 6 | 9 |
| Apr. 97 | 26 | 34 | 18 | 9 | 13 |
ATTITUDES TOWARD CHINA
IN GENERAL, WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT ATTITUDE TOWARD CHINA? (one answer)
| Jan. 18 | Nov. 19 | Jan. 20 | |
| Very positive | 9 | 16 | 12 |
| Generally positive | 61 | 56 | 53 |
| Generally negative | 9 | 12 | 16 |
| Very negative | 4 | 6 | 8 |
| It is difficult to say | 18 | 11 | 11 |
Translated by Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey (formerly Monterey Institute of International Studies).
The ANO Levada Center has been included in the registry of non-commercial organizations acting as foreign agents. Read the Director of the Levada Center’s statement of disagreement with this decision here [2].