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Crimea: two years later

This survey took place between 25 and 28 March 2016 and was conducted throughout all of Russia in both urban and rural settings. The survey was carried out among 1600 people over the age of 18 in 137 localities of 48 of the country’s regions.  The survey was conducted as a personal interview in respondents’ homes. The answer distribution is presented as percentages of the number of participants along with data from previous surveys. The statistical error of these studies does not exceed 3.4%.

ARE YOU FOLLOWING CURRENT EVENTS IN UKRAINE?

  Mar.14 Mar.15 Mar.16
Very closely 18 17 7
Somewhat closely 46 40 33
Not very closely 29 34 43
Not at all 4 8 16
Haven’t heard anything about this 3 1 1

DO YOU THINK THAT CRIMEA SHOULD BE A PART OF RUSSIA, UKRAINE, OR DO YOU THINK IT WOULD BE BETTER FOR CRIMEA TO BE AN INDEPENDENT COUNTRY, LIKE ABKHAZIA, SOUTH OSSETIA, OR TRANSNISTRIA?

  Mar.14 Aug.14 Nov.15 Mar.16
Should be part of Russia 64 73 87 87
Should be part of Ukraine 14 4 3 3
Should be an independent country 11 15 5 4
It is difficult to say 10 8 6 6

WHY DO YOU THINK THAT CRIMEA SHOULD BE PART OF RUSSIA? IDENTIFY THE MAIN REASON. (as a percentage of those respondents who think that Crimea should be part of Russia; one answer)

  Nov.15 Mar.16
Crimea has always been Russian 57 64
The Crimean people voted for unification with Russia in a referendum a year and a half ago 20 18
Russia conquered Crimea 230 years ago 10 9
Crimea has been closely tied to Russia for more than 200 years 11 8
Other <1 1
It is difficult to say 2 1

WHAT, IN YOUR OPINION, DOES THE ANNEXATION OF CRIMEA SIGNIFY?

  Mar.14 Apr.14 May.14 Mar.15 Mar.16
That Russia is returning to its traditional role of super power and asserting its interests in the post-soviet space 79 75 80 72 79
Growing adventurism of the Russian authorities, who are trying to distract the people from real social and economic problems and dissatisfaction with their rule in Russia 9 15 9 14 9
It is difficult to say 13 11 11 14 12

DO YOU AGREE WITH THE OPINION SHARED BY UKRAINE AND MOST OF THE WEST THAT RUSSIA, IN ANNEXING CRIMEA, VIOLATED ALL POST-WAR AND POST-SOVIET INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS AND INTERNATIONAL LAW?

  Nov.14 Nov.15 Mar.16
Definitely yes 4 3 1
Probably yes 6 8 8
Probably not 29 33 29
Definitely not 49 47 52
It is difficult to say 12 9 10

DOES IT BOTHER YOU THAT THE MAJORITY OF THE WESTERN AND UKRAINIAN POPULATIONS BELIEVE THAT RUSSIA, IN ANNEXING CRIMEA, VIOLATED ALL POST-WAR AND POST-SOVIET INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS AND INTERNATIONAL LAW?

  Nov.14 Nov.15 Mar.16
Definitely yes 6 6 5
Probably yes 14 15 14
Probably no 26 31 31
Definitely no 40 40 40
It is difficult to say 13 8 9

THE ANNEXATION OF CRIMEA REQUIRES SIGNIFICANT INVESTMENT FROM RUSSIA, A BURDEN WHICH FALLS ON AVERAGE CITIZENS IN THE FORM OF WAGE AND PENSION FREEZES, REDUCED EDUCATION AND HEALTHCARE SPENDING, GROWING PRICES, ETC. TO WHAT DEGREE ARE YOU PERSONALLY WILLING TO PAY THIS PRICE FOR THE ANNEXATION OF CRIMEA?

  Mar.14 Apr.14 May.14 Jul.14 Aug.14 Dec.14 Mar.15 Mar.16
Fully prepared 7 5 5 8 5 7 5 4
Very prepared 19 12 15 11 12 12 11 10
Somewhat prepared 33 29 28 28 33 30 34 32
Not at all prepared 19 30 28 32 28 31 32 30
I don’t believe that this burden will fall on ordinary citizens 17 19 19 16 16 14 12 19
It is difficult to say 6 5 5 4 6 7 7 6

THE RUSSIAN LEADERSHIP’S UKRAINIAN AND CRIMEAN POLICIES HAVE RESULTED IN SANCTIONS FROM THE US AND MOST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. HOW DO YOU FEEL ABOUT THESE SANCTIONS? (multiple answers)

  Mar.14 Apr.14 Mar.16
Approval 3 4 2
Bewilderment 27 28 25
Indignation 35 40 35
Alarm, fear 8 9 7
No feelings in particular 26 25 34
It is difficult to say 7 4 4

WHAT WOULD BE YOUR ATTITUDE TOWARD THE IDEA OF RETURNING CRIMEA TO UKRAINE?

  Sept.14 Oct. 15 Mar.16
Very positive 7 8 6
Probably positive 7 7 6
Probably negative 28 25 25
Very negative 51 58 58
It is difficult to say 8 3 5

Translated by Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey (formerly  Monterey Institute of International Studies).

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