This survey took place between 9-12 December 2016 and was conducted throughout all of Russia in both urban and rural settings. The survey was carried out among 1600 people over the age of 18 in 137 localities of 48 of the country’s regions. The survey was conducted as a personal interview in respondents’ homes. The answer distribution is presented as percentages of the number of participants along with data from previous surveys.
The statistical error of these studies for a selection of 1600 people (with a probability of 0.95) does not exceed:
3.4% for indicators around 50%
2.9% for indicators around 25%/75%
2.0% for indicators around 10%/90%
1.5% for indicators around 5%/95%
2016 IS COMING TO A CLOSE. HOW WAS IT FOR RUSSIA IN COMPARISON WITH 2015: HARDER, EASIER, OR THE SAME?
| Harder than the previous year | Easier than the previous year | The same as the previous year | |
| 2016 | 54 | 13 | 34 |
| 2015 | 60 | 11 | 29 |
| 2014 | 57 | 12 | 31 |
| 2013 | 34 | 20 | 46 |
| 2012 | 31 | 22 | 47 |
| 2011 | 28 | 23 | 50 |
| 2010 | 43 | 22 | 36 |
| 2009 | 62 | 11 | 27 |
| 2008 | 46 | 17 | 38 |
| 2007 | 20 | 33 | 47 |
| 2006 | 22 | 24 | 54 |
| 2005 | 26 | 23 | 52 |
| 2004 | 34 | 18 | 48 |
| 2003 | 21 | 25 | 54 |
| 2002 | 32 | 22 | 46 |
| 2001 | 23 | 31 | 46 |
| 2000 | 38 | 27 | 35 |
| 1999 | 50 | 15 | 35 |
| 1998 | 82 | 3 | 15 |
| 1997 | 37 | 17 | 46 |
| 1996 | 62 | 11 | 27 |
| 1995 | 55 | 13 | 33 |
| 1994 | 58 | 12 | 31 |
| 1993 | 65 | 11 | 25 |
| 1992 | 82 | 4 | 13 |
| 1991 | 88 | 3 | 9 |
| 1990 | 93 | 1 | 6 |
| 1989 | 83 | 4 | 13 |
| 1988 | 78 | 7 | 17 |
HOW WAS 2016 FOR YOU AND YOUR FAMILY IN COMPARISON WITH 2015: HARDER, EASIER, OR THE SAME?
| Harder than the previous year | Easier than the previous year | The same as the previous year | |
| 2016 | 48 | 16 | 36 |
| 2015 | 55 | 11 | 34 |
| 2014 | 39 | 14 | 47 |
| 2013 | 30 | 23 | 47 |
| 2012 | 32 | 21 | 46 |
| 2011 | 29 | 22 | 49 |
| 2010 | 41 | 22 | 37 |
| 2009 | 57 | 12 | 31 |
| 2008 | 44 | 18 | 38 |
| 2007 | 26 | 30 | 44 |
| 2006 | 28 | 24 | 47 |
| 2005 | 34 | 21 | 45 |
| 2004 | 40 | 19 | 41 |
| 2003 | 24 | 27 | 49 |
| 2002 | 30 | 21 | 49 |
| 2001 | 26 | 26 | 48 |
| 2000 | 36 | 26 | 38 |
| 1999 | 48 | 15 | 37 |
| 1998 | 79 | 3 | 18 |
| 1997 | 43 | 16 | 41 |
| 1996 | 62 | 14 | 24 |
| 1995 | 53 | 13 | 34 |
| 1992 | 72 | 8 | 20 |
| 1991 | 73 | 7 | 20 |
| 1990 | 74 | 7 | 19 |
| 1989 | 58 | 13 | 29 |
| 1988 | 40 | 10 | 50 |
DO YOU THINK THAT 2016 WAS OVERALL A SUCCESSFUL OR UNSUCCESSFUL YEAR FOR YOU?
| Successful | Unsuccessful | It is difficult to say | |
| 2016 | 37 | 40 | 23 |
| 2015 | 40 | 37 | 23 |
| 2014 | 48 | 26 | 27 |
| 2013 | 51 | 24 | 25 |
| 2012 | 47 | 31 | 22 |
| 2011 | 50 | 26 | 24 |
| 2010 | 48 | 29 | 23 |
| 2009 | 43 | 37 | 20 |
| 2008 | 46 | 32 | 22 |
| 2007 | 52 | 28 | 20 |
| 2006 | 49 | 29 | 22 |
| 2005 | 47 | 34 | 20 |
| 2004 | 42 | 37 | 21 |
| 2003 | 51 | 34 | 14 |
| 2002 | 49 | 37 | 14 |
| 2001 | 42 | 38 | 20 |
| 2000 | 37 | 51 | 12 |
| 1999 | 36 | 51 | 14 |
HOW WOULD YOU EVALUATE 2016 OVERALL: WAS IT A VERY GOOD, GOOD, AVERAGE, BAD, OR VERY BAD YEAR?
| Very good | Good | Average | Bad | Very bad | It is difficult to say | |
| 2016 | 3 | 10 | 56 | 25 | 3 | 3 |
| 2015 | 1 | 9 | 57 | 25 | 4 | 3 |
| 2014 | 3 | 16 | 63 | 15 | 1 | 2 |
| 2013 | 2 | 19 | 63 | 13 | 1 | 3 |
| 2012 | 2 | 15 | 64 | 14 | 1 | 3 |
| 2011 | 1 | 17 | 67 | 12 | 1 | 2 |
| 2010 | 2 | 19 | 59 | 17 | 1 | 2 |
| 2009 | 1 | 12 | 61 | 23 | 2 | 2 |
| 2008 | 2 | 16 | 60 | 19 | 2 | 2 |
| 2007 | 3 | 22 | 61 | 11 | 2 | 2 |
| 2006 | 2 | 20 | 62 | 13 | 2 | 2 |
| 2005 | 1 | 16 | 66 | 14 | 2 | 2 |
| 2004 | 2 | 12 | 62 | 19 | 3 | 2 |
| 2003 | 2 | 15 | 69 | 10 | 2 | 2 |
ANO Levada Center has been included in the register of noncommercial organizations acting as foreign agents. See the Director of the Levada Center’s statement of disagreement with this decision here.