In relation to the USA, the EU, Germany and Ukraine, negative assessments prevail among respondents. However, there is a noticeable differentiation by age. As before, a positive attitude remains towards China and Belarus.
Respondents were asked to assess their attitude towards countries and associations from the following list: USA, EU, Ukraine, Belarus, China and Germany. The respondents relate best to China and Belarus. A negative attitude still prevails in relation to Western countries and Ukraine.
The attitude of Russians towards the United States remains negative. Over the past three months, the estimates have hardly changed. The share of positive ratings in November was 18% (19% in August) of respondents, negative — 73% (71% in August). Just like earlier, younger generations have the best attitude towards the US: 25% of respondents aged 18-24 and 24% aged 25-39. The following age groups are the worst: 16% of respondents aged 40-54 are positive, 73% are negative; 12% of respondents 55 years and older are positive, 81% are negative.
Attitude to the US
Positive |
Negative |
Difficult to answer |
04.1990 | 11.1991 | 08.1992 | 04.1993 | 03.1997 | 12.1998 | 03.1999 | 04.1999 | 05.1999 | 08.1999 | 09.1999 | 11.1999 | 12.1999 | 02.2000 | 05.2000 | 07.2000 | 02.2001 | 05.2001 | 09.2001 | 10.2001 | 11.2001 | 12.2001 | 01.2002 | 03.2002 | 04.2002 | 05.2002 | 06.2002 | 07.2002 | 08.2002 | 09.2002 | 10.2002 | 11.2002 | 01.2003 | 03.2003 | 03.2003 | 04.2003 | 05.2003 | 05.2003 | 06.2003 | 07.2003 | 08.2003 | 09.2003 | 10.2003 | 11.2003 | 12.2003 | 01.2004 | 02.2004 | 03.2004 | 04.2004 | 05.2004 | 06.2004 | 07.2004 | 08.2004 | 09.2004 | 10.2004 | 11.2004 | 12.2004 | 01.2005 | 02.2005 | 03.2005 | 04.2005 | 05.2005 | 06.2005 | 07.2005 | 08.2005 | 09.2005 | 10.2005 | 11.2005 | 12.2005 | 01.2006 | 02.2006 | 03.2006 | 04.2006 | 05.2006 | 06.2006 | 07.2006 | 08.2006 | 09.2006 | 10.2006 | 11.2006 | 12.2006 | 01.2007 | 02.2007 | 03.2007 | 04.2007 | 05.2007 | 06.2007 | 07.2007 | 08.2007 | 10.2007 | 11.2007 | 12.2007 | 01.2008 | 02.2008 | 03.2008 | 05.2008 | 07.2008 | 09.2008 | 11.2008 | 01.2009 | 03.2009 | 05.2009 | 07.2009 | 09.2009 | 01.2010 | 03.2010 | 05.2010 | 07.2010 | 09.2010 | 11.2010 | 01.2011 | 03.2011 | 07.2011 | 09.2011 | 11.2011 | 01.2012 | 03.2012 | 05.2012 | 07.2012 | 09.2012 | 11.2012 | 01.2013 | 03.2013 | 05.2013 | 07.2013 | 09.2013 | 12.2013 | 01.2014 | 05.2014 | 07.2014 | 09.2014 | 11.2014 | 01.2015 | 03.2015 | 05.2015 | 07.2015 | 09.2015 | 11.2015 | 01.2016 | 03.2016 | 05.2016 | 07.2016 | 09.2016 | 11.2016 | 01.2017 | 03.2017 | 05.2017 | 08.2017 | 09.2017 | 12.2017 | 01.2018 | 03.2018 | 05.2018 | 07.2018 | 09.2018 | 11.2018 | 02.2019 | 05.2019 | 08.2019 | 11.2019 | 01.2020 | 08.2020 | 11.2020 | 01.2021 | 03.2021 | 05.2021 | 08.2021 | 11.2021 | 02.2022 | 03.2022 | 05.2022 | 08.2022 | 11.2022 | 02.2023 | 05.2023 | 08.2023 | 09.2023 | 10.2023 | 05.2024 |
75 | 80 | 74 | 72 | 72 | 67 | 38 | 33 | 32 | 49 | 60 | 54 | 60 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 59 | 69 | 70 | 60 | 68 | 65 | 68 | 48 | 59 | 61 | 65 | 69 | 67 | 60 | 69 | 61 | 53 | 38 | 48 | 27 | 45 | 46 | 46 | 56 | 59 | 47 | 64 | 59 | 59 | 54 | 65 | 56 | 53 | 53 | 56 | 57 | 67 | 62 | 62 | 66 | 58 | 61 | 60 | 60 | 63 | 60 | 63 | 66 | 63 | 59 | 61 | 63 | 57 | 57 | 52 | 50 | 53 | 45 | 51 | 54 | 55 | 58 | 50 | 56 | 50 | 55 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 45 | 48 | 52 | 47 | 48 | 54 | 47 | 51 | 49 | 48 | 51 | 43 | 23 | 33 | 38 | 46 | 36 | 47 | 53 | 54 | 53 | 60 | 60 | 56 | 62 | 60 | 54 | 59 | 60 | 64 | 45 | 51 | 54 | 56 | 46 | 53 | 55 | 48 | 51 | 53 | 41 | 48 | 43 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 12 | 19 | 16 | 19 | 21 | 21 | 23 | 25 | 19 | 25 | 23 | 28 | 37 | 37 | 24 | 35 | 31 | 24 | 26 | 25 | 20 | 42 | 33 | 31 | 34 | 31 | 42 | 47 | 42 | 42 | 35 | 40 | 40 | 31 | 39 | 45 | 31 | 17 | 14 | 19 | 18 | 14 | 12 | 22 | 18 | 16 | 19 |
7 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 18 | 23 | 49 | 53 | 54 | 33 | 25 | 31 | 28 | 22 | 21 | 23 | 27 | 22 | 20 | 27 | 22 | 24 | 20 | 41 | 34 | 28 | 26 | 19 | 22 | 29 | 24 | 29 | 38 | 55 | 40 | 66 | 43 | 44 | 42 | 38 | 30 | 43 | 28 | 33 | 30 | 36 | 29 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 35 | 35 | 26 | 31 | 31 | 29 | 34 | 32 | 31 | 32 | 29 | 31 | 29 | 26 | 26 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 32 | 32 | 37 | 39 | 39 | 44 | 39 | 36 | 34 | 33 | 39 | 32 | 36 | 35 | 45 | 47 | 48 | 43 | 41 | 38 | 39 | 41 | 35 | 42 | 39 | 37 | 40 | 37 | 46 | 67 | 51 | 49 | 40 | 50 | 40 | 33 | 31 | 34 | 27 | 27 | 29 | 26 | 27 | 33 | 29 | 27 | 23 | 40 | 35 | 32 | 32 | 38 | 34 | 25 | 39 | 38 | 36 | 49 | 37 | 44 | 71 | 74 | 73 | 73 | 81 | 73 | 73 | 70 | 68 | 70 | 65 | 64 | 70 | 65 | 65 | 56 | 49 | 51 | 61 | 51 | 59 | 60 | 52 | 56 | 69 | 40 | 55 | 57 | 56 | 43 | 44 | 40 | 46 | 46 | 51 | 43 | 42 | 54 | 47 | 42 | 55 | 72 | 75 | 71 | 73 | 73 | 77 | 61 | 70 | 68 | 70 |
19 | 14 | 20 | 22 | 10 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 8 | 13 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 11 | 10 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 12 | 7 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 6 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 7 | 8 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 8 | 11 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 15 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 16 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 12 | 15 | 13 | 17 | 13 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 15 | 13 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 13 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 15 | 14 | 11 | 16 | 22 | 19 | 11 | 18 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 16 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 17 | 18 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 13 | 11 | 17 | 12 | 16 | 12 |
The attitude towards the European Union has also practically not changed, negative assessments prevail. 21% (23% in August) of respondents feel good about the EU, 68% feel bad about it (65% in August). The age distribution repeats the nature of the attitude towards the United States. Young people aged 18-24 have the best attitude towards the European Union (39% positive, 48% negative), the worst — respondents 55 years and older (13% positive, 78% negative).
Attitude to the EU
Positive |
Negative |
Difficult to answer |
12.2003 | 01.2004 | 02.2004 | 08.2004 | 01.2005 | 02.2005 | 03.2005 | 04.2005 | 05.2005 | 06.2005 | 07.2005 | 08.2005 | 09.2005 | 10.2005 | 11.2005 | 12.2005 | 01.2006 | 02.2006 | 03.2006 | 04.2006 | 05.2006 | 06.2006 | 07.2006 | 08.2006 | 09.2006 | 10.2006 | 11.2006 | 12.2006 | 01.2007 | 02.2007 | 03.2007 | 04.2007 | 05.2007 | 06.2007 | 07.2007 | 08.2007 | 10.2007 | 11.2007 | 12.2007 | 01.2008 | 02.2008 | 07.2008 | 09.2008 | 11.2008 | 01.2009 | 03.2009 | 05.2009 | 07.2009 | 09.2009 | 01.2010 | 03.2010 | 05.2010 | 07.2010 | 09.2010 | 11.2010 | 01.2011 | 03.2011 | 05.2011 | 07.2011 | 09.2011 | 11.2011 | 01.2012 | 03.2012 | 05.2012 | 07.2012 | 09.2012 | 11.2012 | 01.2013 | 03.2013 | 05.2013 | 07.2013 | 09.2013 | 12.2013 | 01.2014 | 03.2014 | 04.2014 | 05.2014 | 07.2014 | 09.2014 | 11.2014 | 01.2015 | 03.2015 | 05.2015 | 07.2015 | 09.2015 | 11.2015 | 01.2016 | 03.2016 | 05.2016 | 07.2016 | 09.2016 | 11.2016 | 01.2017 | 03.2017 | 05.2017 | 08.2017 | 09.2017 | 12.2017 | 01.2018 | 03.2018 | 05.2018 | 07.2018 | 09.2018 | 11.2018 | 02.2019 | 05.2019 | 08.2019 | 11.2019 | 01.2020 | 08.2020 | 11.2020 | 01.2021 | 05.2021 | 08.2021 | 11.2021 | 02.2022 | 03.2022 | 05.2022 | 08.2022 | 11.2022 | 02.2023 | 05.2023 | 08.2023 | 09.2023 | 10.2023 | 05.2024 |
72 | 67 | 76 | 77 | 74 | 69 | 77 | 73 | 71 | 73 | 73 | 69 | 66 | 70 | 73 | 68 | 66 | 61 | 66 | 67 | 62 | 70 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 71 | 67 | 73 | 64 | 65 | 64 | 61 | 66 | 66 | 60 | 61 | 67 | 64 | 70 | 60 | 60 | 45 | 53 | 55 | 62 | 57 | 61 | 63 | 64 | 62 | 68 | 66 | 67 | 72 | 69 | 62 | 63 | 66 | 67 | 71 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 65 | 64 | 60 | 64 | 59 | 61 | 64 | 56 | 54 | 51 | 45 | 33 | 25 | 27 | 19 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 29 | 27 | 28 | 25 | 29 | 27 | 30 | 40 | 35 | 27 | 38 | 34 | 28 | 32 | 26 | 27 | 42 | 39 | 36 | 42 | 38 | 49 | 52 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 45 | 38 | 46 | 48 | 37 | 21 | 16 | 23 | 21 | 18 | 16 | 23 | 26 | 18 | 19 |
11 | 17 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 15 | 13 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 17 | 15 | 20 | 17 | 18 | 20 | 14 | 16 | 14 | 17 | 16 | 12 | 15 | 15 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 16 | 21 | 17 | 20 | 25 | 39 | 27 | 27 | 20 | 23 | 22 | 19 | 19 | 21 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 14 | 16 | 22 | 21 | 19 | 18 | 14 | 25 | 20 | 18 | 20 | 18 | 23 | 21 | 25 | 23 | 24 | 29 | 28 | 34 | 41 | 53 | 60 | 60 | 68 | 63 | 71 | 64 | 59 | 62 | 60 | 60 | 58 | 60 | 62 | 61 | 58 | 53 | 47 | 53 | 55 | 47 | 54 | 54 | 46 | 53 | 55 | 38 | 45 | 49 | 45 | 44 | 34 | 33 | 36 | 39 | 37 | 37 | 45 | 39 | 38 | 48 | 67 | 69 | 65 | 68 | 69 | 72 | 59 | 59 | 64 | 70 |
17 | 16 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 10 | 12 | 15 | 14 | 12 | 17 | 17 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 20 | 20 | 17 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 14 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 13 | 18 | 15 | 17 | 20 | 15 | 14 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 20 | 15 | 16 | 20 | 18 | 17 | 20 | 17 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 14 | 15 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 19 | 20 | 17 | 15 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 14 | 15 | 18 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 9 | 11 | 16 | 13 | 14 | 11 | 14 | 12 | 14 | 10 | 15 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 18 | 15 | 13 | 18 | 22 | 21 | 18 | 20 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 11 | 13 | 12 | 18 | 16 | 19 | 12 |
The attitude towards Ukraine continues to deteriorate: 20% of respondents treat this country well, 70% — badly. Over the past months, respondents’ estimates have not undergone significant changes. In relation to Ukraine, a more positive attitude prevails in the age group of 25-39 years: 24% are positive, 65% are negative. Among the respondents 55 years and older, only 14% feel good about Ukraine.
Attitude to Ukraine
Positive |
Negative |
Difficult to answer |
12.1998 | 12.1999 | 07.2000 | 07.2001 | 10.2001 | 12.2001 | 10.2002 | 07.2003 | 10.2003 | 02.2004 | 08.2004 | 11.2004 | 01.2005 | 02.2005 | 03.2005 | 04.2005 | 05.2005 | 06.2005 | 07.2005 | 08.2005 | 09.2005 | 10.2005 | 11.2005 | 12.2005 | 01.2006 | 02.2006 | 03.2006 | 04.2006 | 05.2006 | 06.2006 | 07.2006 | 08.2006 | 10.2006 | 11.2006 | 12.2006 | 01.2007 | 02.2007 | 03.2007 | 04.2007 | 05.2007 | 06.2007 | 07.2007 | 08.2007 | 10.2007 | 11.2007 | 12.2007 | 01.2008 | 02.2008 | 03.2008 | 07.2008 | 09.2008 | 11.2008 | 01.2009 | 03.2009 | 05.2009 | 07.2009 | 09.2009 | 01.2010 | 03.2010 | 05.2010 | 07.2010 | 09.2010 | 11.2010 | 01.2011 | 04.2011 | 05.2011 | 07.2011 | 09.2011 | 11.2011 | 01.2012 | 03.2012 | 05.2012 | 07.2012 | 09.2012 | 11.2012 | 01.2013 | 03.2013 | 05.2013 | 07.2013 | 09.2013 | 12.2013 | 01.2014 | 03.2014 | 04.2014 | 05.2014 | 07.2014 | 09.2014 | 11.2014 | 01.2015 | 03.2015 | 05.2015 | 07.2015 | 09.2015 | 11.2015 | 01.2016 | 03.2016 | 05.2016 | 05.2016 | 07.2016 | 09.2016 | 11.2016 | 01.2017 | 03.2017 | 05.2017 | 09.2017 | 12.2017 | 01.2018 | 03.2018 | 07.2018 | 09.2018 | 11.2018 | 02.2019 | 05.2019 | 09.2019 | 01.2020 | 08.2020 | 02.2021 | 03.2021 | 05.2021 | 08.2021 | 11.2021 | 02.2022 | 03.2022 | 05.2022 | 08.2022 | 11.2022 | 02.2023 | 05.2023 | 08.2023 | 09.2023 | 10.2023 | 05.2024 |
79 | 78 | 71 | 71 | 54 | 71 | 64 | 78 | 71 | 67 | 76 | 79 | 74 | 72 | 71 | 68 | 72 | 69 | 67 | 71 | 63 | 65 | 68 | 60 | 54 | 50 | 53 | 56 | 55 | 56 | 60 | 68 | 61 | 66 | 64 | 67 | 61 | 58 | 62 | 48 | 55 | 62 | 58 | 59 | 65 | 57 | 59 | 50 | 55 | 52 | 37 | 34 | 29 | 41 | 34 | 44 | 46 | 52 | 60 | 66 | 70 | 67 | 73 | 72 | 70 | 65 | 65 | 68 | 66 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 71 | 74 | 69 | 73 | 69 | 72 | 77 | 69 | 65 | 65 | 63 | 52 | 35 | 33 | 32 | 29 | 24 | 31 | 26 | 29 | 33 | 27 | 28 | 25 | 26 | 39 | 31 | 27 | 34 | 34 | 33 | 26 | 32 | 28 | 35 | 33 | 36 | 33 | 28 | 34 | 37 | 56 | 41 | 48 | 55 | 50 | 33 | 39 | 45 | 35 | 30 | 23 | 23 | 20 | 17 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 17 | 16 |
14 | 15 | 23 | 23 | 35 | 23 | 27 | 17 | 21 | 25 | 20 | 16 | 18 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 20 | 24 | 26 | 21 | 28 | 25 | 24 | 29 | 34 | 40 | 37 | 35 | 35 | 33 | 30 | 24 | 31 | 24 | 27 | 24 | 29 | 32 | 29 | 42 | 33 | 28 | 30 | 30 | 25 | 31 | 30 | 36 | 33 | 37 | 53 | 53 | 62 | 49 | 56 | 47 | 44 | 37 | 28 | 23 | 21 | 21 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 27 | 26 | 23 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 22 | 16 | 22 | 18 | 22 | 18 | 18 | 23 | 24 | 26 | 25 | 37 | 49 | 54 | 55 | 60 | 63 | 56 | 60 | 60 | 56 | 63 | 59 | 64 | 63 | 47 | 58 | 56 | 51 | 54 | 56 | 59 | 53 | 56 | 47 | 45 | 49 | 56 | 61 | 56 | 49 | 31 | 47 | 43 | 31 | 35 | 55 | 49 | 43 | 52 | 57 | 66 | 66 | 70 | 69 | 74 | 65 | 61 | 66 | 72 |
7 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 11 | 7 | 9 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 10 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 14 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 13 | 10 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 11 | 9 | 12 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 6 | 8 | 12 | 9 | 12 | 11 | 17 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 14 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 11 | 17 | 16 | 13 | 11 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 14 | 13 | 11 | 8 | 13 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 14 | 11 | 15 | 14 | 17 | 12 |
Since May, the attitude of Russians towards Germany has improved. If 21% of respondents treated Germany well for six months, 66% treated it badly, then in November – 27% and 60%, respectively. There is a serious differentiation of responses by age. The only age group where a positive attitude to this country prevails is respondents aged 18-24 (47% are positive, 39% are negative).
The attitude of Russians towards Belarus has improved a little more and today they are at the highest level for the entire time of measurements: 92% are good (88% in August), only 3% are bad (7% in August).
The attitude towards China remains positive: 87% are good, 6% are bad. No major changes were recorded compared to the previous measurement.
See also the issue about the attitude towards countries and their citizens:
METHODOLOGY
The survey by the Levada Center was conducted November 24 – 30 2022, among a representative sample of all Russian urban and rural residents. The sample was comprised of 1601 people aged 18 or older in 137 municipalities of 50 regions of the Russian Federation. The survey was conducted as a personal interview in respondents’ homes. The distribution of responses is given as a percentage of the total number of respondents.
The statistical error of these studies for a sample of 1600 people (with a probability of 0.95) does not exceed:
3.4% for indicators around 50%
2.9% for indicators around 25%/75%
2.0% for indicators around 10%/90%
1.5% for indicators around 5%/95%
The ANO Levada Center is included in the registry of non-commercial organizations acting as foreign agents.